5 ways blockchain can change the cross-border payments landscape

'Cross-border payments is a changing sector of the industry, driven by customers demanding little to no friction and encountering multiple steps, intermediaries and fees. Every step along the path of a cross-border transaction requires time and money, with the average cost of remittances sitting at 7%, according to a 2018 World Bank report. The industry has reacted through the creation of new faster payment initiatives, aimed at reducing delays in payments and standardising intermediary fees. Others have turned to distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchain as potential cure-alls for cross-border pain points.'

Read the rest of Alex Hamilton's insighful article HERE.

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Kuwait ‘launches’ e-payment of fines

The Kuwait Ministry of Justice has launched an electronic payment system for misdemeanor fines related to violations of regulations specified by the Ministry of Social Affairs and State Ministry for Municipality Affairs. In a recent press statement Assistant Undersecretary Dr Mohammad Abdullah Al-Ansari disclosed the public can pay these fines by logging on to the ministry’s website www.moi.gov.kw. He said the service was launched on July 1 to ease procedures for citizens and expatriates, adding that the service is free. He advised the public to obtain a receipt to ensure completion of the payment process.

Al-Ansari attributed the successful implementation of the system to the concerted efforts of the technical and financial teams, which worked under the direct supervision of Financial Affairs Department head Khaled Al-Dakheel. He added the teams developed the system, in coordination with the Information Technology Department and K-Net Company.

Scotiabank launches ‘Scotia Mobile’ in Barbados

Scotiabank has launched Scotia Mobile Banking services to customers across the Caribbean including Barbados, the Bahamas and Trinidad & Tobago. Customers can now check their balances, transfer funds and pay bills from the convenience of their Internet-enabled mobile phone.

 

“We are thrilled that this week’s mobile banking launch allows Barbadians to manage one part of their busy lives with the touch of a button, at any time, from wherever they are,” said Kevin Teslyk, Managing Director, Scotiabank – Caribbean East. “With Scotia Mobile Banking, our customers will be able to perform their day-to-day banking quickly, efficiently and securely”.

 

Scotiabank’s introduction of mobile banking further demonstrates its commitment to offer innovative, convenient and secure banking solutions for customers. All mobile banking transactions are safe and secure, given that Scotia Mobile Banking operates on the same advanced security platform as Scotia OnLine Banking.

 

Scotia Mobile Banking customers with will be able to:

 

• Check account balances and transaction details
• View credit card and line of credit balances and payment information
• Pay bills
• Transfer funds between accounts

 

MasterCard to open up its payment system to mobile and internet payments

MasterCard has announced it is to let mobile and web developers integrate its payment technology directly into apps. The move appears to mirror the model announced by PayPal, which serves up its own payment software for programmers.

However, those behind the venture have suggested MasterCard will be willing to let third parties take even more of a hands-on approach, with the company looking to make its payments system as flexible as possible.

According to the New York Times, MasterCard's chief innovation officer, Josh Peirez, is keen to see what third parties can come up with. The idea is that those outside MasterCard will be able to utilize the technology in ways the company hasn't considered before.

"A big part of the strategy is to be able to harness the innovation of others in the developer community to really push our business forward," Peirez told the paper.

It's no surprise MasterCard is looking to open up, with the firm having previously “built” its own payment apps that relied on merchant agreements and repeated data entry - a set-up deemed unappealing by many.

MasterCard's new approach appears more open, with MasterCard Labs which is behind the project - stating 20 of its services are available for third parties to use in their applications.

The news follows a renewed bid by PayPal to make its PayPal X software the default choice for developers, with its in-app purchase system now available for Android as well as iPhone.

It would appear PayPal still has some time before MasterCard becomes a real competitor, however, with Peirez merely stating that the company aims to open up its technology “by the end of the year”.

Visa and Bancomer Transfer Services launch new money transfer system for Remittances from the US

Visa and Bancomer Transfer Services (BTS) have launched of a new money transfer service that will provide an additional alternative for consumers that send money from the United States to friends and family living abroad.

Starting this month, consumers will be able to initiate a Visa money transfer transaction at any BTS location in the United States. The Visa money transfer transaction can reach any eligible Visa account in the world, including all key remittance destination countries; however, the initial deployment of the service will enable consumers to send funds from the United States to select countries such as El Salvador, Brazil, China and The Philippines, with plans to extend the program to allow remittances from BTS locations to any country within the Visa network.

The new program offered by BTS is an enhancement to its recognized service offering that enables US consumers to safely and securely send remittances worldwide.

"The expansion of Visa money transfer to enable remittances from the US to eligible Visa accounts in Latin America is a significant milestone for Visa and our clients," said Jim McCarthy, Global Head of Product at Visa Inc. "Our alliance with BTS is a great example of how Visa is expanding its business network to bring the convenience and security of Visa digital currency to more consumers in more countries around the world."

According to the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Latin America corridor is one of the largest money transfer markets in the world, with a total of USD $58.8 billion transferred in 2009. In 2009, BTS alone accounted for USD $10 billion in consumer funds transferred to Latin America, making BTS one of the largest processor of remittances for this region. Other large remittances markets served by BTS from the U.S. include Asia, Europe and Africa.

"As a member of the BBVA Group, we are always working to help people simplify their lives via sound, innovative products and services," said Moises Jaimes, President and CEO of BTS. "This goes far beyond being a complement to our traditional money transfer services. Our work with Visa strengthens our commitment to the evolution of the remittances industry, and, by providing our consumers with a wider array of safe and secure services and channels, it gets us one step further in our quest towards serving this important segment in the financial services industry."

Visa money transfers initiated at a BTS location in the U.S. are processed through Visa's secure network and will become available to Visa cardholders, who won't need to go to a physical location to receive the money. Funds can be transferred to eligible Visa debit, credit or prepaid accounts. The agreement with Visa provides BTS with access to Visa's global network and has the potential for BTS to reach more consumers in more countries.

"The Visa money transfer and BTS agreement is a serious endorsement of Visa's ability to become an alternative channel for money transfer companies and banks," said Gwenn Bezard, Research Director at Aite Group. "Money transfer companies' desire to enable remittance transfers directly into bank accounts has grown in recent years, and Visa is positioned to become the go-to utility for that service."

For the launch of this new service, Visa worked closely with BTS and Visa Debit Processing Services (DPS), to securely connect BTS' money transfer platform to VisaNet, Visa's global processing network. DPS is Visa's issuer processing service in North America that connects outside parties, such as issuing financial institutions and merchants to VisaNet.

Mobile banking - SMS upgrades dominate recent development in the UK

The May 2010 update of Mapa’s UK Mobile Banking and SMS Competitor Intelligence dashboards recorded notable new services as well as removed services in the UK market.

Mapa’s UK mBanking Dashboard compares a list of 70 individual Mobile Banking services across 7 banks. All information is obtained replicating the customer experience through the live accounts that they hold with these banks.

Mapa’s SMS Banking Dashboard compares a list of 100 individual SMS Banking services across 21 competing providers. All information is obtained replicating the customer experience through the live accounts that Mapa hold.

Both Dashboards is updated quarterly, highlighting competitor changes that have occurred in the market during that time.

Barclays have been the most active player in the mobile field the last months. Following the removal of SMS Banking highlighted in the Mapa update from February, the bank has now introduced their new and upgraded SMS Banking service. Barclays LayerCustomers sign up within Internet Banking and can register for regular balance alerts as well as triggered transaction alerts for a flat fee of £2 a month.

The use of ‘Augmented Reality’ has now reached the UK financial market. Within the mobile phone application Layar, available on iPhone and Android, Barclays customers can search for branches, ATM’s and contactless retailers. By combining the use of camera and GPS, users are able to see hits on a map, in a list or on the screen as an extra layer in the reality seen live through the camera.

HSBC and First Direct continue to extend the free period for their mBanking service which now lasts until the end of 2010.

A&L have now shut down their mBanking and SMS Banking services following the takeover by Santander.

Halifax has extended their SMS Banking services to include all customers. Previously, only Reward account customers were able to sign up for alert when going into unarranged overdraft.

The main change in the UK credit card market was the introduction of free text alerts by MBNA. This service has been available before but with service charges. The new service also includes new ad hoc alerts.

Additionally, an interesting finding from Mapa research was the use text messages in correlation to the flight disruptions caused by volcanic ash. Several UK banks seized the opportunity to contact their customers via SMS with information on how they could get financial help from their bank.

Problems delay use of remittance system in the Philippines

Hardware and connectivity problems would delay the use of the central bank’s electronic payments system for interbank remittance transfers to the third quarter.

“Most of the banks expect to complete their migration to the new system only by end-May or end-June 2010 while two banks have indicated that they could comply by end-September,” the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) said in a statement.

By “new system,” the BSP referred to the Philippine Payments and Settlements System (PhilPaSS) Remit System.

The central bank and the Association of Bank Remittance Officers, Inc. (ABROI), Bankers Association of the Philippines, the Chamber of Thrift Banks, and the Rural Bankers Association of the Philippines had signed a memorandum of agreement in December that would allow these banking groups’ members to use PhilPaSS for interbank remittance transfers.

The remittance system -- envisioned to reduce the cost of remittance transfers to P50 per transaction from P150 to P550 at present -- should have been operational in the first quarter.

But as the BSP explained, banks were hounded by “hardware and system connectivity” problems. It did not elaborate.

It said only one bank, which the BSP did not name, was able to migrate to the PhilPaSS Remit System.

“The BSP will call a meeting with the heads of the participating banks to facilitate the use of PhilPaSS and ensure that overseas Filipino remitters will benefit from further reduction in remittance charges,” it said.

PhilPASS was established in 2002 as the central bank’s electronic payments system. It allows banks, non-bank financial institutions and those with quasi-banking licenses to have real-time settlement of their transactions.

The PhilPaSS Remit System was essentially initiated by the BSP and ABROI to eliminate the use of couriers in bank-to-bank crediting of remittances -- a mode of transfer that has proven to be expensive and risky.

At present, a Filipino working abroad will make a deposit in a bank, which then hires a courier to deliver the funds to another bank, where the Filipino worker’s relatives claim the remittance.

“PhilPaSS ensures safer, faster and cheaper means of remittance transactions,” the central bank stressed.

ABROI members number 11, including the country’s biggest banks.

Remittances grew by 7% to $4.3 billion in the first quarter. The BSP sees remittances growing by 8% this year from $17.35 billion last year.

Operations Risk - Bank settles wire transfer security suit against customer

PlainsCapital Bank in the US has settled a lawsuit it bought against one of its own business customers after crooks stole over $800,000 from the company's account. Cybercrooks stole the money from the PlainsCapital account of Texas-based Hillary Machinery last year via ACH and wire transfer.

Around $600,000 was recovered but when Hillary Machinery called on its bank to refund the remaining $200,000 it was hit with a lawsuit asking the court to affirm that security was reasonable and that the transfers were processed in good faith.

The company fought back with its own suit, arguing that the transfers, which went to Europe, should have set off red flags in the bank's fraud detection systems.

The pair have now come to a settlement in what was widely seen as an important test case following a sharp rise in account hijackings of business credentials.

Terms of the settlement have not been disclosed, but it comes just days after the courts threw out a motion by the bank to hold the hearings in private.

Recent research from Guardian Analytics and Ponemon Institute found that the US banking industry is failing to protect its small business customers from a destructive epidemic of cyberfraud that is sweeping the nation.

The research found that 55% of businesses reported experiencing fraud in the last 12 months, with 58% of fraud enabled by online banking activities. Yet, despite the soaring crime rate, 80% of banks failed to catch fraud before funds were transferred out of their institution. In 87% of fraud attacks, the bank was unable to fully recover assets.

Mobile Banking - A new product is launched in Kenya

Kenya's largest mobile operator, Safaricom, and Equity Bank, have unveiled M-Kesho, a mobile banking product targeting rural areas. M-Kesho will allow M-Pesa (Safaricom's mobile money transfer service) account holders to deposit money, withdraw cash and access loans.

"If all M-Pesa customers are banked as is envisaged with the M-Kesho product, Kenya will be the most banked country in Africa and in the developing world," said Mr. James Mwangi, Equity Bank chief executive.

The product will transform M-Pesa accounts into bank accounts, enabling M-Pesa customers to open savings accounts where they will be able to transfer as little as a Ksh.100 (US$1.3) at no cost.

Speaking during the launch in Nairobi, Kenya’s President Mwai Kibaki said M-Kesho is a landmark product that will integrate the telecommunications and banking sectors and would improve access to cost effective financial services.

Other than deposits and withdrawals, M-Kesho customers will also be able to access micro-credit and micro-insurance products, and earn interest on their money.

Mobile Banking – New text service for UK customers

MBNA Europe, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of America, has introduced new mobile banking text service, to enable UK customers to text for their credit card information.

By using the mobile banking text service, customers can use their mobile phone to get credit card account information, including balance, payments and transactions, by texting to a dedicated mobile short-code number.

To use the service, customers with mobile phone numbers registered to their accounts can send “Bal”, “Trans” or “Bill” to the dedicated short-code number for the latest information on their accounts.

Ian Craig, sales, service and operations executive for Bank of America Europe Card Services, which operates the MBNA brand, said: "The mobile banking text service is one of a number of exciting new improvements we will be making to our services. With this service, we are able to provide our customers with another way to bank that is simple, straightforward and puts their credit card information at their fingertips whenever they need it.”

Remittances and the White House

A piece on the “White House Blog” lauds pending Wall Street reform Legislation as something that will provide “benefits (to) hardworking individuals here in the United States as well as their families abroad” by overcoming certain barriers which are specified as;

“Remittance transfer providers currently are not required to disclose, prior to initiating a transaction for a consumer, the amount that will be received at the other end, making it essentially impossible for consumers to effectively comparison shop. No federal agency is specifically charged with protecting the rights of consumers using remittance services and federal regulations that apply to many other consumer payments transactions generally do not apply to remittance transfers. Although most states regulate remittance transfer providers to some degree, few require disclosures designed with consumers in mind. Meanwhile, researchers have found that the millions of families sending financial assistance Mexico frequently have difficulty understanding the total cost of sending a remittances, specifically the exchange rate and fees charged by the provider, before they engage in a transaction.”

Will this legislation also extend to millions of illegals who really do need protection too?

Read the full entry at http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2010/05/20/wall-street-reform-and-sending-money-home

Malawi launches mobile banking

Opportunity International Bank of Malawi (OIBM), a provider of microfinance services in Malawi, has launched a mobile phone banking system named 'banki m'manja'. It has done this to encourage rural Malawians’ access to the bank’s services. The OIBM innovation will enable its customers to check their account balance, transfer funds, conduct merchant payments, top-up mobiles, view a mini-statement and change their PIN.

OIBM Chief Executive Officer, Alexandr-Alain Kalanda, said: “We would like to help our customers, who most of the time live in the rural areas where by they spend a lot of money on transport alone to access our services, to have these services right in their palms.”

The service, which is being implemented in collaboration with local telecommunications company, Telekom Networks Malawi (TNM).

Square mobile payment system goes live

Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey has started to ship out hundreds of free credit card “dongles” that plug into the headphone jack of an iPhone, Android phone or iPad.

The system is called Square, and the free app is available to download now for iPhone OS and Android. Basically, you fire up the app, attach the dongle, punch in the amount (say, whatever you agreed on for selling a couch on say Craigslist), and then have the buyer swipe their credit card through the adapter. No personal information is stored, and the buyer has to sign the phone with their finger. Once that happens, an SMS or email is sent to the buyer confirming the purchase.

It's a pretty simple solution, and it has the potential to revolutionize small business for whom it's quite difficult to get a proper credit card system setup, and the fees can be outrageous. With this, setup costs are essentially nothing, and the fee structure is much more reasonable.

Mobile banking set to rocket

For consumers, mobile banking is about convenience: the ability to check account balances, pay bills and transfer funds from a device they take with them everywhere. For financial institutions, it is a means to deepen customer relationships, streamline operations and cut costs.

Several forecasts predict that by 2015, 50% or more of US mobile users will be conducting transactions from their mobile devices.

“The ubiquity of these devices offers banks an opportunity to connect with customers outside the online channel, including those who are always on the go as well as the under banked and unbanked consumers who lack consistent Internet access,” said Noah Elkin, eMarketer senior analyst and author of the new report “Mobile Banking: Financial Services Firms Look to Cash In.”

Estimates of mobile banking adoption vary widely, although it appears to be growing at a good pace. For example, studies conducted in 2009 by Mercatus, Mintel Comperemedia and Experian Simmons put the usage rate between 7% and 11%.


However, in a January 2010 survey by Luth Research for the Mobile Marketing Association, mobile banking usage was 17% among the overall US population and 19% among mobile phone users. A March 2010 study by OnePoll for mobile billing and message delivery firm mBlox uncovered a 25% usage rate among US mobile phone users.

Research among smartphone users reveals much more extensive mobile banking adoption. Data Innovation’s January 2010 “Mobile Money Study” found that nearly 70% of smartphone users had accessed mobile banking, payment or financial services in the past three months.

Mobile Banking and phishing

Online fraudsters continue to use advanced methods with their victims. Now a phisher has de-activated a bank's mobile alert system.

An SMS alert informing money withdrawals was blocked by phishers after fraudulently obtaining online banking information of a Chennai (India) based victim through a phishing e-mail. A first-of-its-kind case reported here, a thorough probe is under way to find its modus operandi.

The victim received the phishing e-mail in February supposedly sent from a his bank where he held an account with online and mobile banking facility. “Taking it for real, the complainant responded to the e-mail asking to update his online and mobile bank account to refrain from debarment,” said Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police (Cyber Crime Cell) M. Sudhakar.

The victim realized that all the money from his account was withdrawn only after visiting an ATM a few days later. Puzzled about not receiving any SMS alert on his mobile phone on the withdrawal, he contacted the bank and later, lodged a police complaint.

Preliminary police investigations revealed that the phishing mail was sent from Lagos in Nigeria and Rs. 60,000 that was illegally transferred from the victim's account was deposited in two bank accounts in Lucknow and Jaipur. The accounts were blocked immediately and sums of Rs. 43,000 and Rs.17,000 were recovered from them.

“After obtaining confidential online banking details of the complainant through the phishing e-mail, the culprit de-activated the SMS alert in order to keep the victim unaware of the money transfer from his account as long as possible,” Dr. Sudhakar said.

This is the first case reported here, in which an SMS alert was blocked before money transfer, he added.

Even though the money lost was minimal, the Cyber Crime Cell carried out a detailed investigation into how the phisher in Lagos managed to go to the extent of deactivating the mobile alert system.

On the other hand, police search to track the account-holders of the bank accounts in Lucknow and Jaipur hit a barrier after it was found to be opened for non-existing business houses.

He also said that illegal online money transfer could be reduced, only if banks would verify with the respective customer on every request for an online money transfer from overseas. “The culprit in Lagos cannot be apprehended as there is no international law to extradite him.”

Referring to the case, city Police Commissioner T. Rajendran said that an international body to investigate cyber crime is essential. “The number of arrests made in cyber crime cases here is very low now as most culprits operate from overseas,” he added.

Remittances - National Bank of Pakistan signs deals with 2 Saudi banks

The National Bank of Pakistan (NBP) has signed deals with two Saudi banks for remitting money to Pakistan.

The launch of remittance facilities by Al-Rajhi Bank's Tahweel Al-Rajhi and Bank Albilad's Injaz is expected to start later this week, said Khalid Bin Shaheen, NBP's senior executive vice president, who was in Jeddah recently to oversee the arrangements.

So far NBP, Pakistan's largest commercial bank, has had such an agreement with Samba Financial Group.

Shaheen said the new deals were likely to boost remittances to Pakistan, which in recent months have recorded remarkable growth in money received from its overseas nationals.

According to the latest figures released by the State Bank of Pakistan, the nation's central bank, home remittances in March was $763 million, a growth of 30 percent over what was received in February. Similarly, in the nine-month period ending in March, remittances were up 28 percent over the corresponding period of last year.

March remittances from Saudi Arabia also reflected the global trend. Pakistan received $193.91 million from Saudi Arabia, which was $44.46 million or 30 percent more over February figure.

Shaheen said the credit for the growth goes to the structural changes that have taken place following the launch of Pakistan Remittance Initiative (PRI) in August 2009. PRI, a joint venture of the Ministry of Finance, Ministry for Overseas Pakistanis and the State Bank, is an effort to increase the flow of remittances through official channels.

Along with PRI, the State Bank has launched Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), which has drastically reduced the time it takes for funds to be settled between the many banks in Pakistan.

Shaheen said the deals with Al-Rajhi and Bank Albilad as well as Samba ensure free of cost cash to cash transfer through large number of NBP branches in Pakistan. "No account is required for this service. Payment will be made on proper identification," he said.

Instant electronic transfer from account to account is also free of charge. NBP has reduced the requirement of minimum balance of Rs.3,000 unlike other banks which have set the limit at Rs.10,000.

Remittances - Money transfer firms target mobile services

The shifting fortunes in the money transfer market are pushing traditional agents such as Western Union and MoneyGram to develop mobile solutions, which they are relying on to recapture a share of the local market.

Hit by declining market share following the advent of mobile money services, the two operators have had to change strategy as they move to defend their core business.

“If it’s a remittance transaction, we want to touch it, whether online, by phone or at one of our global agent locations. There will be more opportunities ahead for mobile transfers and more transfers direct to cards,” said Thomas Christophersen, MoneyGram’s head of new product and channel development.

According to data from Financial Service Deepening (FSD), traditional money transfer operators have lost significant market share since the advent of mobile money services such as M-Pesa and Zap.

Their market share in Kenya has fallen to just three per cent of the total transfer market, down from a tenth of the total transfers market in 2007.

FSD says that the proportion of people using the service stood at 17 per cent before mobile money transfer commenced, a figure that has dropped as the telecommunications firms continue to eat into a larger share of the money transfer market.

In 2009 MoneyGram moved to double its agent locations in Kenya while Western Union implemented a lower tariff structure as they both attempted to fend off rising competition from mobile operators by adding PostBank’s branches to its agent network.

Many users cite the high cost of transferring money using operators such as MoneyGram and Western Union as a barrier to access, preferring the lower rates offered by mobile service providers.

World Bank estimates indicate that reducing remittance commission charges by just two to five per cent could increase the flow of formal remittances by 50-70 per cent, which would boost local economies.

Reducing the cost of sending each individual remittance encourages the delivery of lower value remittances, says the World Bank, at values far less than today’s average transfer of $200.

Previous data from Safaricom and Zain indicate that most Kenyans who use the service typically send smaller amounts, ranging between Sh1,000 and Sh2,500 at an average cost of Sh55.

In December, MoneyGram joined forces with SMART Communications, to kick off the pilot phase of its MoneyGram mobile money transfer service that allows delivery funds from any MoneyGram agent location direct to any SMART Money account.

For its part, Western Union has formed partnerships with mobile firms aimed at defending its share of the international remittances market, said to be worth US$300 billion.

The two operators will have to fight off a growing number of mobile service providers who have found that offering financial services through mobile handsets can add to the attractiveness of mobile money services, and help to retain customers to networks.

Rohit Bhatia, CEO of Seamless, a Swedish software company specialized in solutions for Mobile Money, prepaid e-Top Up, and Value Added Services, says the lack of basic services like banking and fixed internet, high growth markets will use the mobile phone as the main service enabler, especially for functional services like remittances, purchases and payments.

“Our research shows a major interest for such functional services in emerging markets, and this will drive innovation. These low ARPU (average revenue per user) markets’ and low income segments will adopt new functional services faster than the global average.

MNOs (mobile network operators) that recognize mobile money as a growth potential and a differentiator will emerge winners,” said Mr. Bhatia.

Players in the financial sector and mobile industry view mobile money as a fast, easy and new way for the un-banked to carry out their everyday money transactions.

“If MNOs can leverage existing airtime distribution networks, keep their proposition to stakeholders simple and yet innovative, expand slowly and steadily, simplify registration and subscription to the service, and above all, select a long-term business partner as their technology vendor, they are sure to be winners in the mobile money space,” said Mr Bhatia.

World Bank report cites risk to remittances

The Philippines remained the world’s fourth highest recipient of remittances from nationals in 2009, even as these flows face risks from high unemployment rates in host economies, the World Bank said in a report, “Migration and Development Brief”, posted on its Web site recently.

The report showed the Philippines trailed only India ($49 billion), China ($48 billion) and Mexico ($22 billion). Remittance flows to developing countries could grow 6% to $335 billion this year, a turnaround from 2009’s 6.2% dip to $316 billion, it added.

Central bank data show that money sent home by Filipinos abroad beat official projections of a 4% rise last year, actually growing 5.6% to $17.35 billion. These flows grew by an even faster 7.75%, year on year, to $2.786 billion in the first two months of this year, the same data show.

But the report said remittance growth could be tempered by uncertain employment prospects in high-income markets. "... high unemployment rates... in receiving countries... may give rise to pressure to impose additional restrictions on new immigration," it said, adding that such outlook could also dissuade high-skilled workers - a source of big remittance values - from migrating.

Using IBAN and BIC in SEPA Credit Transfers - Public Consultation Online

The European Payments Council (EPC) Customer Stakeholder Forum (CSF) representing the EPC and customer organizations acting on a European level have prepared a set of questionnaires to investigate the actual experience of users inputting the IBAN and the BIC. This has been a response to suggestions that some bank customers may have problems using these two identifiers when initiating SEPA Credit Transfers.

To this end, two online questionnaires have been prepared, one for individual users and another for business users. Users are asked to respond online to the survey published in English. As it is important to get as many responses as possible, translations have been provided for a number of languages - see below under related files.

The questionnaires will be available for a two-month period beginning 3 May 2010 and ending 5 July 2010.

You can access the questionnaires please CLICK HERE