Core principles for effective banking supervision - Consultation

The Core Principles are the de facto minimum standards for the sound prudential regulation and supervision of banks and banking systems. They are universally applicable and accommodate a range of banking systems and a broad spectrum of banks. The Core Principles are used by supervisors to assess the effectiveness of their regulatory and supervisory frameworks. They are also used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank as part of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) to evaluate the effectiveness of countries' banking supervisory systems and practices.

Originally issued by the Committee in 1997, the Core Principles were last substantively updated in 2012. The Committee commenced a review of the Core Principles in April 2022, with the objective of reflecting supervisory and regulatory developments, structural changes affecting the banking system, and lessons learnt from FSAPs since the last update.

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has issued a public consultation on revisions to the Core principles for effective banking supervision ("Core Principles").

Changes are proposed to both the structure and contents of the Core Principles standard. The proposed amendments have been informed by several thematic topics reflecting regulatory and supervisory developments in: (i) financial risks; (ii) operational resilience; (iii) systemic risk and macroprudential aspects of supervision; (iv) new risks, including climate-related financial risks and the digitalisation of finance; (v) non-bank financial intermediation; and (vi) risk management practices.

The proposals were developed by a Task Force comprised of both Committee and non-Committee member jurisdictions, as well as the IMF and World Bank.

Check HERE for a comparison between the 2012 and 2023 versions of the Core principles for effective banking supervision

Comments on the revised Core Principles, can be submitted here up to 6 October 2023.

International banking supervisory community meets virtually - Focus on the future of banking supervision in a changing world

The 21st International Conference of Banking Supervisors (ICBS), hosted virtually by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) and the Bank of Canada, was held on 19-22 October 2020. Approximately 450 senior banking supervisors and central bankers representing close to 100 countries took part.

Delegates discussed a wide range of issues related to the future of banking supervision in a changing world. The discussions covered the digitization of finance and the evolution of banking models, operational resilience, climate-related financial risks and remote working arrangements. Participants also exchanged views on the challenges for central banks and bank supervisors in advanced and emerging market economies during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as adapting to the changing operating environment for central banks and supervisors.

The event included several panel discussions and keynote speeches by Pablo Hernández de Cos, Chair of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and Governor of the Bank of Spain, and Prithwiraj Choudhury, Associate Professor at Harvard Business School.

This successful event marks the first time that the Basel Committee has worked with a host country to offer a completely virtual conference.

The ICBS, which has been held every two years since 1979, brings together bank supervisors and central bankers from around the world as well as representatives of international financial institutions. The conference promotes the discussion of key supervisory issues and fosters the continuing cooperation in the oversight of international banking. With its wide membership of senior supervisors and policymakers, the ICBS presents a unique opportunity for a broad-based discussion on issues that are timely and relevant to supervisors in both advanced and emerging market economies.

Libra Cryptocurrency could be in danger, as Mastercard, Visa and Ebay pull out

Facebook’s cryptocurrency Libra took a major hit last Friday, when Mastercard, Visa and Ebay left the Libra Association, who supervises the project. Stripe and Argentina-based Mercado Pago have also left the initiative.

On Monday, the companies who are part of the Libra Association will formalize their participation in the initiative. Companies such as Visa and Mastercard may have second thoughts, as global regulators have raised concerns about the project.

Earlier this month, PayPal also left the Libra association. The departures mean that Libra no longer has the support of any major digital payment company.

Despite these setbacks, Dante Disparte, the head of communications at the Libra Association, has said that "We are focused on moving forward and continuing to build a strong association of some of the world's leading enterprises, social impact organizations and other stakeholders" and that membership of the association may grow and change over time.

Last Wednesday, French finance minister Bruno Le Maire said that Libra should not be developed in the European Union and said, "it should not be the role of a private company to try and get a sovereign currency like a sovereign state."

Valdis Dombrovskis, the Executive Vice President-Designate of the European Commission, also said this week that Libra needs to be tightly regulated to preserve monetary stability and to prevent money-laundering operations.

In the U.S., Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said earlier this year the cryptocurrency raises "many serious concerns regarding privacy, money laundering, and consumer protection." Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin has also said that the currency could be used to finance terrorist operations, and that it represents a "national security issue."

Libra was unveiled by Facebook in June, and was touted as a digital currency that can be managed from one's phone. The cryptocurrency is particularly directed at the 1.7 billion people on the planet without access to a traditional bank account.

Corporate Governance in the Banking Industry

By Stanley Epstein

Broadly speaking corporate governance can be best described as a system of rules, practices and processes by which a business enterprise is directed and controlled. In essence corporate governance involves balancing the interests of the many stakeholders in a firm. These stakeholders include its shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers, government and the larger community.

Corporate governance has become firmly entrenched on the world business scene over the past three decades. Today it is a key component in the operation of all manner of firms around the globe. Even more important is the need for corporate governance to be effective, not only for business firms but for the economy as a whole.

Banking is an important component of the economy, be it national or global. Banks play a very important financial intermediation role in this space. Clearly any difficulties arising from corporate governance shortcomings at banks will also result in a very high degree of nervousness in both the public and the market.

Some very fundamental deficiencies in bank corporate governance became very apparent during the 2008 financial crisis adding to the general distress that the crisis itself generated.

So in 2010 the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published a set of principles for enhancing sound corporate governance practices at banking organizations. These principles set out best practices in corporate governance for banks.

The Basel Committee has since revised its original set of principles. This revision was published in July 2015, after consultation with the international banking community.

The revised guidance stresses the vital importance of effective corporate governance and promotes the importance of risk governance as part of a bank's overall corporate governance structure.

There are in all thirteen principles, which range from the bank board’s responsibilities, composition, structure; senior management, governance, risk management, compliance, audit compensation, disclosure right through to the role of bank supervisors.

So what major changes have taken place over the past five years?

The following five broad themes are evident in the revision.

1. The guidance has been expanded as regards the role of the board in overseeing the implementation of effective risk management systems.
2. Additional stress is placed on the need for the board to be competent as a group and for individual board members to devote enough time to their role on the board and to keep up-to-date of current banking developments.
3. Reinforces the guidance on risk governance. This also covers the risk management roles played by bank business units, risk management teams and internal audit. The importance of a sound risk “culture” is also addressed.
4. Bank supervisors are provided with guidance on how to evaluate the processes that banks use to select not only their board members but their senior management as well.
5. The guidance also recognizes that compensation schemes are a key part of the governance and incentive structure by which the bank board and its senior management transmit acceptable risk-taking behavior and strengthen the bank's operating and risk culture.

The Basel Committee stresses that these principles are relevant irrespective of whether or not a jurisdiction chooses to adopt the Committee’s regulatory framework. The board and senior management at each bank still have an obligation to pursue good governance.

As regards Systematically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs), these organizations are expected to have the corporate governance structure and practices appropriate with their role in and potential impact on national and global financial stability.

The full document covering the revised principles can be downloaded directly from the BIS at http://www.bis.org/bcbs/publ/d328.pdf